The key forces and ideas behind the Villa Gardens of the Victorian era come from a few main backgrounds. Importantly, the industrial revolution caused the population of England and Wales to skyrocket from 10 million to 40 million from just 1800 to 1900. Besides the boom in population was the increased distribution of wealth, so there were more wealthy members of the middle class and larger urban spaces. This in turn lead to a large amount of suburban villas, which in turn creates a huge boom of acreage to be used for gardening. Another important element of these gardens was one influencing 19th century gardening for a while, which was the triumph of art over nature. The idea of "gardenesque" emerged, which meant that every part of the garden should obviously come from man. There should be no mistaking its intent and artistic quality. The last but important part of victorian villas was that, due to a new documenting and available history of gardens, there was a lot of past influence entering the garden. This all added up to what some critics labeled as "pastry-cutter" gardening. This was also in part because the industrial revolution created a plethora of resources and finances to furnish one's own garden. Villa garden's often had beds cut into the lawns by the house itself. This allowed for a display of bedding, which is geometrically arranged arrays of colorful flowers. It is highly ornate and quite clearly man-made as opposed to natural. This, along with shrubberies, might be found closest to the house. As one moved farther away, the garden would become less formal. There might be large lawns with little-to-no bedding. In place of this would be features unique to industrial times, such as glasshouses, which could house exotic and tropical plants due to heating systems. There could also be easily acquired and mass-produced ornaments of cast iron and synthetic stone, giving one the option to include various statues and figures.

                               An example of the type of bedding and shrubbery that might appear:

Glasshouses could be heated and allowed for new types of plants from different climates:

                                         Mass-produced ornaments made decorating easy for all: